Spousal Sponsorship Eligibility Requirements | Who can be Sponsored | Country-Specific Requirements
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Common-law Partner Sponsorship Canada

Common-law sponsorship is a way to sponsor your partner for Canadian permanent residence under IRCC’s spouse/partner sponsorship stream. It’s intended for couples who are not legally married but are in a genuine, marriage-like relationship. In most cases, IRCC considers partners common-law once they have lived together continuously for at least 12 months, with short, temporary absences sometimes acceptable if the relationship and shared household continued.

IRCC looks for clear proof of both eligibility and genuineness, so a strong application shows a consistent cohabitation timeline, shared responsibilities, and an ongoing relationship—along with the required medical, criminality, and security checks. You can apply inland or outland depending on where the applicant lives; some inland applicants may be eligible for an open work permit after AOR. Processing times and fees vary, so it’s best to confirm the latest details using IRCC’s official tools.

Delays and refusals most often stem from incomplete forms, missing translations, inconsistent answers, or weak proof of cohabitation and relationship genuineness. To reduce risk, you can book a consultation for an eligibility and strategy review, explore our fees for a clear cost breakdown, and meet our immigration consultants who can support you from planning through submission.

Common-law Sponsorship Canada

Who is a common-law partner in Canada?

Under IRCC rules, a common-law partner is a person (any sex, age 18+) you are not legally married to, but with whom you have lived in a marriage-like relationship for at least 12 consecutive months. Short, temporary time apart (for example, work travel or family obligations) may still be consistent with common-law status, but the relationship must be ongoing and the cohabitation period must be continuous overall.

If you do not meet IRCC’s common-law definition, you may still have other sponsorship pathways, depending on your circumstances:

Sponsor Your Common-law Partner to Canada: Eligibility & Requirements

Canada’s common-law sponsorship program allows eligible partners to apply for permanent residence based on a genuine, marriage-like relationship, but both the sponsor and applicant must meet IRCC’s eligibility and admissibility requirements. Understanding these rules early helps you choose the correct application type (inland or outland), prepare the right supporting documents, and reduce the risk of delays or refusal.

Sponsor Eligibility Requirements

To sponsor your spouse or partner (including a common-law partner), you must meet all sponsorship requirements set by IRCC.

YOU MAY BE ELIGIBLE TO SPONSOR IF YOU:

  • Are 18 years of age or older
  • Are a Canadian citizen, permanent resident (PR), or a person registered in Canada under the Canadian Indian Act
  • Live in Canada
    • If you’re a Canadian citizen living outside Canada, you must show you plan to live in Canada when the person you’re sponsoring becomes a permanent resident (PR)
    • If you’re a permanent resident living outside Canada, you can’t sponsor
  • Commit to supporting the person you’re sponsoring by signing an undertaking and sponsorship agreement and meet the other requirements under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act/Regulations
    Meet the income requirement only if:
    • you’re sponsoring a dependent child who has 1+ dependent children of their own, or
    • you’re sponsoring a spouse/partner who has a dependent child, and that dependent child has 1+ dependent children

Please note: If you live in Quebec, additional provincial rules apply, and you must follow Quebec’s process (including waiting for IRCC before submitting Quebec undertaking steps). IRCC also notes Quebec has reached a cap in certain undertaking categories until June 25, 2026, with exceptions.

SITUATIONS WHERE YOU CANNOT SPONSOR

You may not be eligible to sponsor if:

  • You were sponsored by a spouse/partner and became a PR less than 5 years ago
  • You previously sponsored a spouse/partner and 3 years haven’t passed since they became a PR (you’re still financially responsible)
  • You already applied to sponsor the same spouse/partner/child and a decision hasn’t been made yet
  • You are in jail, prison, or a penitentiary
  • You are behind on payments for:
    • an immigration loan
    • a performance bond
    • court-ordered family support payments (such as alimony or child support)
  • You did not provide the financial support you previously agreed to under a past sponsorship agreement
  • You declared bankruptcy and are not discharged
  • You are receiving social assistance for a reason other than a disability
  • You were convicted (in or outside Canada) of a violent criminal offence, an offence against a relative causing bodily harm, or a sexual offence
  • You can’t legally stay in Canada and must leave because you received a removal order

Note: IRCC may find a sponsor ineligible for other reasons depending on the specific situation.

Sponsorship Undertaking & Responsibilities

When you sponsor a spouse or common-law partner, IRCC requires you to sign an undertaking—a legal promise to financially support the person you’re sponsoring (and their dependent children, if applicable).

WHAT YOU AGREE TO WHEN YOU SIGN AN UNDERTAKING

  • Provide “basic needs” support, which IRCC defines as food, clothing, shelter and other everyday needs, plus dental care, eye care and other health needs not covered by public health services.
  • Prevent reliance on social assistance: IRCC expects you to ensure the sponsored person won’t need government financial help. If they receive social assistance during the undertaking, you may have to repay what they received, and you may be considered in default until it’s repaid.
  • Accept the duration of financial responsibility: for sponsors outside Quebec, the undertaking for a spouse/common-law/conjugal partner is 3 years, starting the day they become a permanent resident.
  • Understand it continues even if circumstances change: you remain financially responsible even if you separate/divorce, the sponsored person becomes a Canadian citizen, you move, or your financial situation worsens (e.g., job loss or debt).

CHANGING YOUR MIND (WITHDRAWAL)

  • If you want to withdraw after submitting, IRCC states you must do so before a final decision is made, and IRCC must approve the withdrawal.

QUEBEC NOTE

  • IRCC notes the undertaking rules/length for Quebec residents differ and Quebec has its own process. Also, Quebec indicates that the maximum number of undertaking applications to sponsor a spouse/common-law/conjugal partner (and certain dependent children) has been reached for June 26, 2024 to June 25, 2026 (with exceptions), so sponsors should verify the current Quebec intake rules.

Applicant Eligibility Requirements

To be sponsored as a common-law partner, you must meet IRCC’s relationship definition and be admissible to Canada.

YOU MAY BE ELIGIBLE TO BE SPONSORED IF YOU:

  • Are 18 years of age or older.
  • Are the sponsor’s common-law partner, meaning you are not legally married to the sponsor and have lived together in a marriage-like relationship for at least 12 consecutive months (short, temporary absences may be acceptable).
  • Can pass IRCC background, security and medical checks (this also applies to accompanying family members).
  • Meet the requirements of the class of application selected:
    • Family Class (outland) is generally used when the applicant lives outside Canada, or won’t remain in Canada during processing.
    • Spouse or Common-Law Partner in Canada Class (inland) requires that you live with your sponsor in Canada and have valid temporary resident status, or be exempt from needing status under a public policy.

SITUATIONS WHERE YOU MAY NOT BE ELIGIBLE (OR CANNOT BE SPONSORED)

You may be refused if:

  • You do not meet IRCC’s common-law definition (for example, you have not cohabited for 12 consecutive months).
  • You (or an accompanying family member) do not pass required background, security, or medical checks.
  • You apply inland but do not live with your sponsor in Canada, or you do not have valid temporary resident status (unless exempt under a public policy).
  • You are inadmissible for reasons not covered by the inland public policy (IRCC notes these situations should be resolved before applying).

Inland vs outland sponsorship

When sponsoring a spouse or common-law partner, IRCC requires you to choose a “Class of Application” on the document checklist you submit.

OUTLAND (Family Class)

You should generally apply under the Family Class if:

  • The person you want to sponsor lives outside Canada
  • They live with you in Canada now but don’t plan to stay in Canada while the application is processed
  • You plan to appeal if the application is refused

Note: If you’re sponsoring a conjugal partner (or a dependent child), IRCC says you must apply under the Family Class.

INLAND (Spouse or Common-Law Partner in Canada Class)

You should generally apply under the Spouse or Common-Law Partner in Canada Class if your spouse/common-law partner:

  • Lives with you in Canada, and
  • Has valid temporary resident status in Canada, or is exempt from needing status under a public policy

If you apply inland, IRCC notes your spouse/partner may be able to apply for an open work permit (if eligible). 



Proof of Relationship

IRCC expects you to prove both (1) that you qualify as common-law (at least 12 consecutive months of cohabitation) and (2) that your relationship is genuine and ongoing. IRCC notes you don’t need every document listed below, and they may consider other proof as well—your document checklist is the authority on what to submit for your specific application.

PROOF OF 12 MONTHS COHABITATION (COMMON-LAW)

Items IRCC explicitly lists as acceptable proof include:

  • Shared ownership of residential property
  • Joint lease or rental agreement
  • Bills for shared utilities (for example gas, electricity, telephone) or joint utility accounts
  • Important documents showing the same address for both of you (for example driver’s licences, insurance policies, other ID)

BEST PRACTICE: HOW TO PRESENT YOUR EVIDENCE

  • Use your IRCC document checklist/personalized online checklist as the organizing framework and upload documents in the requested order.
  • If there are gaps (moving, temporary travel, separate leases), include a clear explanation and supporting documents that show the relationship continued. (IRCC may consider other proof.)

IMPORTANT SUBMISSION NOTES (IRCC)

  • IRCC states they don’t return photos, telephone bills, or letters. If you submit them, keep copies for your records.
  • IRCC says don’t send videos or CD-ROMs.
  • IRCC indicates they may return certain original documents (e.g., passports/marriage certificates) and generally you should submit certified photocopies unless your checklist or country-specific instructions request originals.

IRCC Application Process

Document Checklist Requirements

The official IRCC document checklist for common-law partner sponsorship must be followed closely, because it sets out exactly what the sponsor and applicant must submit for a complete permanent residence application. In general, a common-law sponsorship file includes the following categories of documents and forms.

Common-law sponsorship document checklist (what you can expect to include)

  • Required forms (sponsor + applicant)

    • Sponsor forms: Application to Sponsor / Sponsorship Agreement and Undertaking, plus the Relationship Information and Sponsorship Evaluation form completed by both partners.

    • Applicant PR forms: Generic PR application, background/declaration, and additional family information forms (plus any country-specific forms requested in the checklist).

    • Optional forms (if applicable): Use of a Representative and/or Authority to Release Personal Information.

  • Identity and civil status documents
    Valid passports/travel documents (biographic pages and any pages required by the checklist), birth certificates, and any legal name-change documents if applicable, with certified translations where required.

  • Proof you meet the common-law definition (12 months of cohabitation)
    IRCC commonly accepts items such as a joint lease/rental agreement, shared ownership of residential property, joint utility accounts or shared bills (e.g., phone/electricity), and government or important documents showing the same address for both partners (e.g., driver’s licences, insurance).

  • Proof the relationship is genuine and ongoing
    Supporting evidence selected from the checklist (for example, shared financial responsibilities, correspondence addressed to both partners at the same address, and other documentation showing an ongoing interdependent relationship).

  • Applicant status documents (if applying inland / in Canada)
    Proof the applicant has valid temporary resident status in Canada (visitor, student, worker), unless covered by a public policy, as IRCC expects for in-Canada class applications.

  • Police certificates
    Police certificates are generally required for the applicant from the country where they currently live and any country where they have lived for 6+ months since age 18, as specified in IRCC’s instructions.

  • Medical exam and biometrics
    The applicant must complete biometrics and a medical exam when requested by IRCC as part of admissibility screening.

  • Fees and supporting payment proof
    Proof of payment for the sponsorship and permanent residence processing fees (and biometrics where applicable), submitted as instructed in the checklist.

Because requirements can vary by situation (especially the applicant’s country of residence and whether you apply inland or outland), the IRCC checklist generated for your application remains the authoritative list of what to upload.

 
 

IRCC Processing Time

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) publishes regularly updated processing-time estimates through its official online tool. These figures are not guaranteed turnaround times—they are an estimate of how long it may take to finalize an application after IRCC receives a complete file, and IRCC shows separate timelines for Quebec vs outside Quebec.

Processing times vary significantly and are influenced by factors such as:

  • Whether the application is processed as in Canada (inland) or outside Canada (outland), and whether the applicant will settle in Quebec.
  • Case complexity (for example, additional review or follow-up related to admissibility steps).
  • IRCC inventory/volume, as IRCC notes processing times vary based on how many applications they receive and how complex cases are.

Delays commonly occur when applications are incomplete (missing forms, documents, translations, or incorrect fee payments) or when IRCC needs to request clarifications. At a macro level, the 2026–2028 Immigration Levels Plan sets Family Class targets of 84,000 in 2026 and 81,000 in 2027–2028, with Spouses/Partners/Children targeted at 69,000 in 2026 and 66,000 in 2027–2028, which can influence processing capacity over time.

 

IRCC Application Fees

Financial planning for a common-law sponsorship application typically includes two cost categories: government fees paid to IRCC and third-party expenses.

Government fees (paid online to IRCC):

  • Standard sponsorship + PR fees for a spouse/partner application are $1,205 CAD (sponsorship fee $85 + principal applicant processing fee $545 + Right of Permanent Residence Fee (RPRF) $575).
  • Biometrics fee is generally $85 CAD per person (where biometrics are required).
  • If you include a dependent child on the application, IRCC lists $175 CAD per child.
  • IRCC notes you can pay the RPRF upfront to avoid delays, and it is refundable if you withdraw or the application is refused.

Common third-party expenses (not paid to IRCC):

  • Immigration medical exam (paid to an IRCC panel physician; costs vary by clinic and country).
  • Police certificates (fees vary by country/authority).
  • Certified translations and notarization/certification where required.
  • Courier/scanning and document procurement costs (as applicable).

You must always refer to the official IRCC fee list for the latest amounts, as these immigration fees can change.

Application Status Tracker

After you submit a common-law sponsorship application, you can track your status through several IRCC tools. IRCC’s process also relies on key milestones such as the Acknowledgement of Receipt (AOR), which confirms the application passed the completeness check.

Once you have your AOR, you can typically monitor progress through:

  • Application Status Tracker: provides a timeline and stage-level updates (and requires your UCI and application number).
  • IRCC secure account/portal messages: where you’ll usually receive requests related to documents, biometrics, medical instructions, and decisions.
  • Client Application Status (eCAS): some applicants may still see status information there.
  • IRCC webform: used to submit updates or ask about an application in progress when appropriate.

 

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